The Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Test is a simple blood test that determines the anti-mullerian hormone levels in your blood, important for reproductive organ development in both sexes. AMH is produced by the testes in males and the ovaries in females. In men, it is high during childhood and starts to decline during puberty, while in women, it rises after puberty. In women, it indicates the number of eggs available in those in the reproductive age group.

For women, the AMH test is crucial for understanding reproductive health status, particularly ovarian function and ovarian reserve, i.e., the count of the eggs remaining in the ovaries. With ageing, ovarian reserve reduces, making it harder to conceive. This test is essential for diagnosing a decrease in egg count and assessing the time frame for conception, facilitating proactive family planning and guiding fertility treatments for women. In men, AMH testing helps detect fertility issues.

Given below are some prerequisites that you may consider before taking an AMH Test at home in Gurgaon:

Prerequisites

There are no specific preparations required for an AMH test. Fasting is not necessary before the procedure. However, it is important to disclose any use of oral contraceptives to your doctor, as these may influence the results of the test.

The Best Time to Get Tested

You can undergo the AMH test at any time during the day that is convenient for you. The levels of AMH are not influenced by the menstrual cycle, unlike other reproductive hormones, allowing the test to be performed at any point in the cycle.

Who Should Get an AMH Test

This test is appropriate for individuals who are experiencing fertility difficulties, undergoing IVF, or exhibiting symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It is also relevant for women receiving ovarian cancer treatment. For male infants and children, the test helps assess reproductive organ health.

Cautions Before Taking the AMH Test

The AMH test does not predict fertility or the chances of having a pregnancy. If you are seeking more detailed reproductive health information or are trying to conceive, consider discussing additional tests with your healthcare provider.

The AMH test assesses multiple aspects of fertility and reproductive health. Here’s why it’s essential and who it benefits:

• Predicting Fertility Treatment Response: For those undergoing fertility treatments such as IVF, AMH levels help predict how the ovaries will respond to fertility medications, with higher levels indicating a better response. It aids in setting the medication dosages for infertility.

• Tracking Progress of Ovarian Cancer Treatment: The test is used to monitor the treatment progress in certain types of ovarian cancer.

• Predicting Menopause: Declining AMH levels are indicative of the onset of menopause. The test can also signal premature menopause (before age 40) or early menopause (before age 45).

• Diagnosing Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: For individuals exhibiting symptoms of PCOS (irregular periods, acne, weight gain, excess body hair), the AMH test aids in diagnosis.

• Measuring Ovarian Reserve: The AMH test gauges the ovarian reserve, the number of remaining eggs in the ovaries, which diminishes with age in women.

• Identifying Undescended Testicles: In male infants whose testicles are undescended, the AMH test helps locate healthy testicles within the body.

• Determining Ambiguous Genitalia: For babies with ambiguous genitalia, AMH testing, along with other diagnostics, assists in identifying the cause and confirming the sex

For men, typical AMH levels range between 0.9 and 13.89 ng/mL. In women, normal AMH levels change with age as follows:

• Ages 18-24: 1.62-9.95 ng/mL

• Ages 25-29: 1.20-9.05 ng/mL

• Ages 30-34: 0.80-8.18 ng/mL

• Ages 35-39: 0.11-6.72 ng/mL

• Ages 40-44: 0.10-5.78 ng/mL

Interpretation

• Low AMH Levels:

• • In women, reduced levels might indicate a diminished ovarian reserve, hinting at a limited conception window and approaching menopause, although the exact timing is uncertain. Women under 40 with menopausal symptoms might be facing a condition called primary ovarian insufficiency.

  • In men, low AMH may indicate severe congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (notably during puberty), Klinefelter syndrome, nonobstructive azoospermia, or age-related male fertility decline.

• High AMH Levels:

• • For women, higher AMH may indicate a robust ovarian reserve, aiding in conception, or could point to PCOS, although more tests are necessary for diagnosis.

  • In male children or adolescents, elevated AMH may suggest conditions like McCune-Albright syndrome or varicocele, i.e., enlarged veins in the scrotum.

Additional Notes

1. Monitoring Ovarian Reserve: AMH measurement aids in tracking ovarian reserve.

2. Male Fertility Diagnostics: Abnormal AMH levels in men can help diagnose fertility issues like hormone production problems, Klinefelter syndrome, McCune-Albright syndrome,low sperm production, varicocele, GRLayed puberty, and age-related infertility.

3. Characterizing Ovarian Dysfunction: For women with ovulation problems, AMH levels help better define ovarian dysfunction, particularly hyper gonadotropic anovulation associated with ovarian insufficiency like PCOS.

4. Estimating Follicles: AMH testing helps estimate the number of antral and pre-antral follicles in the ovaries and is independent of menstrual cycles.