Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a type of bacteria that lives in the stomach lining and is one of the most common bacterial infections worldwide. It can cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and in some cases, increase the risk of stomach cancer if left untreated. Despite being so prevalent, many people carry the infection for years without obvious symptoms - which makes testing all the more important.

The H. pylori Antigen Stool Test (SAT) is a non-invasive diagnostic test that detects the presence of H. pylori proteins (called antigens) directly in a stool sample. Unlike blood antibody tests, which can remain positive even after successful treatment, the stool antigen test identifies an active, current infection. This makes it equally valuable for two key purposes: confirming whether you have an active H. pylori infection, and verifying that treatment has successfully cleared the bacteria.

For anyone in Pune experiencing persistent stomach discomfort, bloating, nausea, or unexplained digestive issues, the H. pylori Antigen Stool Test is a quick, accurate, and affordable way to get clarity - all from the comfort of home.

Keep the following in mind before an H. pylori Antigen Stool Test:

Prerequisites

No special diet or fasting is needed before collecting your stool sample. However, please inform your doctor about any medications you are currently taking, as certain medicines can interfere with the test result.

Sample Collection

A stool collection kit will be provided. You will collect a small stool sample at home and hand it over to the eMedic. Key things to remember:

• Use only the sterile container provided in the kit

• Ensure the stool sample does not mix with urine, toilet paper, or water

• Watery or diarrheal stool is not suitable for testing - collect a firm or semi-solid sample

• Refrigerate the sample immediately after collection and ensure it is handed over for transport within the prescribed timeframe

Who Should Get an H. pylori Antigen Stool Test

This test is appropriate for anyone experiencing symptoms associated with H. pylori infection or stomach ulcers, such as:

• Persistent or recurring stomach pain or burning sensation

• Frequent bloating, belching, or nausea

• Feeling full quickly after eating

• Loss of appetite or unexplained weight loss

• Dark or tarry stools (which may suggest a bleeding ulcer - seek urgent care)

It is also recommended for individuals who have completed H. pylori treatment and need to confirm that the bacteria has been fully cleared (ideally tested 4 to 8 weeks after completing antibiotic therapy).

The H. pylori Antigen Stool Test is one of the most recommended non-invasive tests for detecting this common stomach infection. Here are the reasons for its recommendation:

• Detecting active infection in individuals with symptoms of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, or persistent indigestion.

• Confirming eradication of H. pylori following antibiotic treatment - unlike blood antibody tests, the stool antigen test accurately reflects whether the bacteria has been eliminated.

• Screening individuals with a family history of gastric cancer or peptic ulcer disease, as H. pylori infection is a known risk factor.

• Evaluating unexplained anaemia or vitamin B12 deficiency, which can sometimes be linked to chronic H. pylori infection affecting stomach acid production.

• Avoiding unnecessary endoscopy - the stool antigen test is highly accurate and non-invasive, making it a preferred first-line diagnostic option in clinical guidelines worldwide.

The H. pylori Antigen Stool Test reports a binary result - either positive or negative - for the presence of H. pylori antigens in the stool:

A positive result means your doctor will likely recommend a course of antibiotic therapy (typically a combination regimen) to eradicate the infection. After completing treatment, a follow-up stool antigen test is recommended 4 to 8 weeks later to confirm successful eradication.

A negative result is generally reassuring, but if symptoms persist, your doctor may recommend further investigations to rule out other gastrointestinal conditions. Note that a false-negative result is possible if you have recently taken antibiotics, PPIs, or bismuth preparations - in such cases, retesting after a 2-week washout period may be advised.

It is important to interpret these results alongside your symptoms and medical history. Please consult your doctor to understand what the result means for your specific situation and the appropriate next steps.