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    What is Complement 3 (C3) Level Test?

    The C3 complement blood test determines how effectively your immune system is working by measuring the C3 protein level in your blood. As part of the complement system, C3 plays a vital role in defending against bacteria and viruses. However, the complement system can sometimes target healthy cells by mistake, leading to autoimmune diseases.

    This test assists in diagnosing several conditions. If you are experiencing autoimmune symptoms, such as lupus, or suffer from frequent infections and inflammation, it can provide valuable information. It is also used to track treatment effectiveness for conditions like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. C3 proteins help eliminate infections and aid in healing. Low C3 levels may point to immune system issues, possibly due to autoimmune diseases, infections, or other medical problems.

    Doctors often combine a C3 test with a C4 test to assess complement system disorders. This can help diagnose diseases such as kidney disorders, vasculitis, or glomerulonephritis. If you are in Gurgaon, getting a C3 test can help evaluate your immune function, allowing your doctor to gain a clearer picture of your health and develop a treatment strategy.

    Complement 3 (C3) Level Test Parameters

    A C3 test measures only one parameter: the level of C3 complement protein in the blood. C3 is a liver-produced protein that circulates in the blood, playing a key role in immune defence by attacking harmful pathogens. It is part of the complement system, a network of proteins from C1 to C9 that work in a cascade when a pathogen enters the body. This process leads to the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC), a structure that punctures the pathogen’s cell wall, leading to its destruction. This test helps evaluate whether the complement system is functioning as it should. C3, along with C4, is one of the most frequently measured complement proteins. If results are abnormal, additional tests may be needed to assess other complement proteins. The CH50 or CH100 test measures total complement activity from C1 to C9. If CH50 is abnormal, individual complement tests may be required to detect specific deficiencies.

    Complement 3 (C3) Level Test Preparation

    If you're planning to take a C3 test, here are some key considerations:

    Prerequisites

    You do not need to fast before taking the C3 test.

    Best Time to Get Tested

    The test does not have a specific timing requirement and can be scheduled at your convenience.

    Who Should Get a C3 Test?

    Doctors often recommend this test for individuals with persistent infections, signs of inflammation, chronic fatigue, or joint pain. It aids in diagnosing and tracking autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and kidney conditions.

    Cautions Before Taking C3 Test

    No special preparation or precautions are necessary before this test.

    Why Take the Complement 3 (C3) Level Test?

    Doctors recommend a C3 complement test to:

    • Identify autoimmune diseases such as lupus, where the immune system attacks the body’s tissues.

    • Monitor immune-related diseases like glomerulonephritis (kidney issues) or vasculitis (blood vessel inflammation).

    • Evaluate ongoing bacterial infections to check if the immune system is functioning effectively.

    • Determine the cause of persistent swelling or inflammation , which may indicate an autoimmune condition.

    • Assess the effectiveness of treatment for conditions like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis.

    • Track rare autoimmune disorders , as lower complement levels may signal increased disease activity and guide treatment adjustments.

    This test provides valuable information to help diagnose, manage, and monitor immune-related health conditions.

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    References

    1. C3 Complement Blood Test: What It Is, Procedure & Results [Internet]. 2. Complement Blood Test: MedlinePlus Medical Test [Internet].  Available from:  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/22138-c3-complement-blood-test
    2. Complement | Pathology Tests Explained [Internet].  Available from:  https://www.pathologytestsexplained.org.au/ptests-pro.php?q=Complement
    3. Haddad A, Wilson AM. Biochemistry, Complement [Internet].  Available from:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544229/