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    What Is the Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) Test?

    The Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) test is a blood test that gauges the number of lymphocytes present in the bloodstream. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that help combat infections, viruses, and bacteria, as well as supporting the body’s immune response to conditions like cancer. They are also responsible for "remembering" pathogens (antigens), which allows the immune system to mount a quicker response if the same pathogen is encountered again, explaining why we usually do not suffer from illnesses such as measles or chickenpox more than once.

    This test is often carried out as part of a complete blood count (CBC), a routine test used to evaluate your overall blood health. Higher than normal lymphocyte levels may point to infections like mononucleosis, hepatitis, or tuberculosis, or even more serious conditions such as blood cancers (leukaemia or lymphoma) or autoimmune diseases. In contrast, low lymphocyte levels, known as lymphocytopenia, may indicate underlying health issues such as HIV, viral hepatitis, or conditions like lupus or severe combined immunodeficiency. Treatments that weaken the immune system, like chemotherapy, can also lead to lymphocytopenia.

    The Absolute Lymphocyte Count test serves as an important tool for monitoring immune health and diagnosing a variety of conditions, allowing doctors to make informed decisions regarding treatment and patient care.

    Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) Test Parameters

    The Absolute Lymphocyte Count test measures a single parameter – the number of lymphocytes in your blood. This value can be reported either as an absolute figure or as a percentage of the total white blood cells (WBCs). Lymphocytes typically make up around 20-40% of the total WBCs in a healthy person. To calculate the total number of lymphocytes, the total WBC count is multiplied by the percentage of lymphocytes circulating in the blood. Lymphocytes include several types, such as T cells, B cells, and NK cells. T cells defend the body by attacking infected or abnormal cells, while B cells produce antibodies to fight infections caused by viruses and bacteria. The number of these lymphocyte subsets can increase depending on the nature of the illness or infection.

    Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) Test Preparation

    When preparing for an Absolute Lymphocyte Count test, keep these points in mind: Prerequisites Typically, there is no need for fasting or specific preparation before the Absolute Lymphocyte Count test. Best Time for Testing The Absolute Lymphocyte Count test can be done at any time of day. Who Should Have an Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) Test? This test is recommended for individuals who frequently suffer from infections, those with a weakened immune system, patients with chronic illnesses, or those undergoing treatments like chemotherapy. It is also beneficial for people managing immune-related conditions. Precautions Before the Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) Test There are no special precautions or preparation required before taking the Absolute Lymphocyte Count test.

    Why Take the Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) Test?

    The Absolute Lymphocyte Count test helps assess the function of your immune system. This test is advised for:

    • Serious Illnesses : The ALC test helps evaluate the immune system, particularly in critically ill individuals.

    • Predicting Recovery : It provides insights into a person's potential recovery from an illness or surgery.

    • HIV Monitoring : ALC is useful for tracking immune system health in patients with HIV.

    • Sepsis Evaluation : For severe infections like sepsis, ALC helps assess the severity and supports treatment decisions.

    • Identifying Immune Issues : It can be done in individuals suspected to have immune system problems. Low ALC levels will prompt further investigations to find the cause of the illness.

    The ALC test may also be ordered if symptoms related to abnormal lymphocyte levels are present, such as:

    • Swollen lymph nodes

    • Fever

    • Night sweats

    • Abdominal pain

    • Weakness or fatigue

    • Difficulty breathing

    It is important to monitor these symptoms, as they could indicate underlying issues with the immune system.

    FAQs on Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) Test in Hyderabad

    The ALC test in Hyderabad, the cost is ₹250. This includes a hassle-free sample collection from your home, which will be completed within 60 minutes of booking confirmation. Your test results will be delivered within 6 hours following the sample collection.

    Yes, Orange Health Labs provides home sample collection for the Absolute Lymphocyte Count test in Hyderabad. A qualified eMedic will arrive at your home to collect the sample within 60 minutes of your booking, subject to slot availability.

    The Absolute Lymphocyte Count test evaluates the lymphocyte levels in the blood, which are an integral part of the immune system. It helps identify infections, immune-related disorders, and other underlying health problems.

    Fasting is not usually needed before an Absolute Lymphocyte Count test. However, it’s always wise to follow your doctor’s preparation instructions.

    To book the Absolute Lymphocyte Count test, follow these easy steps:

    • Search for the test: Go to the Orange Health website and select the Absolute Lymphocyte Count test option.

    • Confirm your appointment: Provide your address, choose a time slot, and confirm your booking.

    • Sample collection: A certified eMedic will visit your location to collect the sample.

    • Laboratory processing: Your sample will be processed in an ICMR-certified, NABL-accredited laboratory.

    • Receive results: The test results will be sent to you via email or WhatsApp within 6 hours of collection, and they will also be available on the Orange Health app.

    Absolute Lymphocyte Count levels typically range from 1,000 to 3,000 cells per microlitre of blood.

    After booking the Absolute Lymphocyte Count test, an eMedic will collect your sample within 60 minutes, and the results will typically be provided within 6 hours post-collection.

    How frequently the ALC test is required depends on your health and the advice of your doctor. It's important to seek personalised guidance from your doctor.

    The Absolute Lymphocyte Count test focuses on one parameter: the total amount of lymphocytes circulating in your blood.

    Orange Health provides Absolute Lymphocyte Count test at home services in various locations in Hyderabad, including Banjara Hills, Jubilee Hills, Gachibowli, Madhapur, Tarnaka, Abids, Koti, Mehdipatnam, Dilsukhnagar, Uppal, LB Nagar, Nallagandla, Nizampet, Attapur, Hitech City, Kondapur, Begumpet, Somajiguda, Ameerpet, Panjagutta, Kukatpally, Miyapur, Manikonda, Secunderabad, and Malkajgiri.

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    References

    1. Cleveland Clinic. Lymphocytes: Function, Definition, Levels & Ranges.  Available from:  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/23342-lymphocytes
    2. Brihi JE, Pathak S. Normal and Abnormal Complete Blood Count with Differential.  Available from:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK604207/
    3. Hamad H, Mangla A. Lymphocytosis [Internet]. PubMed. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing  Available from:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549819/
    4. Ritter S. The absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) is a significant clue for immune deficiency.  Available from:  https://www.jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749(18)32090-6/fulltext