How accurate is the dengue test?

The Dengue ELISA test is known for its high accuracy, with sensitivity and specificity rates typically around 90% to 95% and 98%, respectively. Sensitivity refers to the test's ability to correctly identify those with the disease (true positives), while specificity refers to its ability to correctly identify those without the disease (true negatives). Despite its high accuracy, the ELISA test may produce false-negative results if conducted too early in the infection when the antibodies are not yet detectable. Conversely, false-positive results can occur due to cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses such as Zika, West Nile, and yellow fever. Therefore, the timing of the test and the clinical context are crucial for accurate interpretation. In cases of ambiguous results, additional tests such as PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) or repeat ELISA tests may be recommended to confirm the diagnosis.