How is the dengue test performed?

The Dengue Test (ELISA) involves drawing a blood sample from a vein, usually in the arm. The procedure is similar to any standard blood test. A healthcare professional will clean the area with an antiseptic, apply a tourniquet to the upper arm to fill the veins with blood, and insert a sterile needle into the vein to collect the blood in a test tube or vial. The blood sample is then sent to a laboratory where the ELISA method is used to detect the presence of dengue antibodies (IgM and IgG) or antigens (such as NS1). The ELISA method involves coating a microplate with dengue virus antigens, adding the patient’s blood sample, and then adding an enzyme-linked secondary antibody that binds to the dengue antibodies if present. A substrate is then added, which the enzyme converts to a detectable signal, usually a color change, indicating the presence of dengue antibodies or antigens. The intensity of the signal is measured and interpreted to determine the test result.