Why are both igm and igg tests recommended in dengue elisa?

Both IgM and IgG tests are recommended in Dengue ELISA to provide a comprehensive diagnosis and understanding of the infection status. IgM antibodies are the first to appear after infection, indicating a recent or current infection. IgG antibodies appear later and persist for a longer duration, indicating past exposure or secondary infection. Testing for both antibodies helps distinguish between primary and secondary infections, which is important for assessing the risk of severe disease. Secondary infections can be more severe due to the phenomenon of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), where non-neutralizing antibodies from a previous infection facilitate the entry of the virus into cells, leading to a more intense immune response. By testing for both IgM and IgG, healthcare providers can accurately diagnose the stage of the infection and guide appropriate management.